Ibm RS/6000 Manuel d'utilisateur Page 80
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- Table des matières
- DEPANNAGE
- MARQUE LIVRES
Noté. / 5. Basé sur avis des utilisateurs
1. Firmware
2. Software ROS for AIX
3. AIX boot image
4.2.1 Firmware
The firmware is the first code executed when the machine is powered-on.
Firmware takes the system from a power-on state to a state where an operating
system loader is in memory, ready for execution. Firmware is typically stored in
read-only memory (ROM) or in programmable read-only memory (PROM).
The firmware on PCI-based RS/6000 systems performs the following steps:
1. Initializes processor registers
2. Initializes the memory controller
3. Establishes an active RAM area
4. Copies decompressed code to RAM
5. Decompresses compressed area into RAM
6. Establishes execution environment (stacks, and so on)
7. Initializes the console
8. Displays graphic-logo on console
9. Initializes individual subsystems
10. Locates and loads the operating system's boot code
The PCI-based RS/6000 system's firmware also provides functions that were
already incorporated in the microchannel-based RS/6000 systems firmware. One
of them is Power-On Self Test (POST). The POST checks basic hardware, such
as processor, native I/O and system memory. It makes a list of the working
hardware it recognizes.
When booting, the firmware obtains the boot device list maintained in NVRAM and
tries to locate the first valid boot device that has valid boot image on it (this is
determined by reading the first 512 bytes on a device). When a valid boot image
has been found, it is loaded into memory, and firmware passes control to it. The
firmware does not have to be aware of the type of code it loads, whether this code
is Software ROS or the kernel of an operation system. In case of the AIX, it is
Software ROS.
4.2.2 Software ROS for AIX
Software ROS is an intermediary software that implements the Boot-Time
Abstraction Software (BTAS) specified in the PReP specification (see Chapter 4,
“Boot Support and Firmware” on page 53). This software is the bootstrap code
loaded by the firmware. Software ROS starts by copying the contents of NVRAM
into system memory.
When the firmware executes after IPL, it scans the system for basic working
hardware and stores the information in the memory as residual data. Residual data
is used by conventional firmware to pass system information collected by the
firmware to the operating system, in our case to Software ROS. It is stored in
56 Introduction to PCI-Based RS/6000 Servers
- April 1996 1
- First Edition (April 1996) 4
- Abstract 5
- Contents 7
- Special Notices 17
- Platform (CHRP) 19
- Related Publications 20
- Preface xix 21
- Acknowledgments 23
- Chapter 1. Introduction 25
- Chapter 1. Introduction 3 27
- Chapter 1. Introduction 5 29
- 1.3.3 PowerPC Platform Goals 31
- 1.3.4 CHRP Certification 32
- Architecture 33
- 2.1 The Hardware Design 35
- High Data Transfer Speed 37
- Processor Independence 37
- Cross-Platform Compatibility 37
- Multi-bus Support 38
- Plug and Play 38
- Investment protection 38
- 2.2.1 The Processor Subsystem 39
- 2.2.2 The L2 Cache 40
- 2.2.5 The Primary PCI Bus 41
- 2.2.4 The System Memory 41
- 2.2.6 The Secondary PCI Bus 42
- 2.2.7 The EISA Bus 42
- 2.2.8 The X-Bus 42
- 2.3 Electronics Partitioning 43
- 2.4.1 Standard Features 45
- Integrated SCSI-2 adapter 46
- Standard I/O ports 46
- 2.4.2.1 Internal Disk Drives 47
- 2.4.2.2 Internal Tape Drives 47
- 2.4.2.4 Graphics Adapter 48
- 2.4.2.5 PCI SCSI-2 Adapters 49
- PCI Ethernet Adapters 51
- 2.4.2.7 External Subsystems 54
- Internal Disk Drives 55
- Internal Tape Drives 55
- Graphics Adapter 55
- SCSI Adapters 55
- 2.5.1 Standard Features 56
- Integrated SCSI-2 Adapter 57
- 2.5.2.1 Internal Disk Drives 58
- 2.5.2.2 Internal Tape Drives 59
- 2.5.2.4 Graphics Adapter 59
- 2.5.2.5 PCI SCSI-2 Adapters 60
- 2.5.2.7 External Subsystems 61
- 2.6 Hardware Requirements 62
- 2.7 Performance Positioning 62
- SPEC base metrics 64
- SPEC rate metrics 64
- Chapter 3. Hot-Swap Subsystem 65
- 3.1.1 Backplanes 66
- 3.1.2 Hot-Swap Bays and Banks 67
- 3.2 Installation 68
- 3.2.5 Disk Carriers 70
- 3.3.4 Mirroring 74
- Managing 77
- 4.1 Boot Record 78
- 4.2.1 Firmware 80
- 4.2.2 Software ROS for AIX 80
- 4.3 Boot Image 82
- Name Description 83
- Base Proto Files: 84
- Proto Extension Files: 84
- 4.3.1.2 RAM File System 85
- Master Partition Header 86
- Reserved 1 86
- Reserved 2 86
- 4.4.1 Firmware Boot Sequence 89
- 4.4.2 Firmware Passwords 91
- 4.4.3 Firmware Flash Update 92
- 4.4.4 Firmware Recovery 93
- 4.4.5.3 Graphics Adapter POST 94
- 4.4.5.5 SCSI Subsystem POST 94
- 4.5 LCD Panel 95
- 4.6.1 SMS Graphical Main Menu 97
- 4.6.2 SMS ASCII Main Menu 97
- 4.6.3 Start-Up Menu 97
- 4.6.4 Test Menu 98
- 4.6.5 Tools Menu 98
- 5.1.1 Boot-Device Order List 99
- 5.1.3 bootlist Command 102
- 5.2 Entering Debug Mode 102
- 5.3 System Dump Support 103
- 5.3.4 Dump LCD Support 106
- 5.4 Managing System Backups 106
- 5.4.1 The bootinfo Command 107
- 5.4.6 Cloning 112
- 5.5 Configuration Information 114
- 5.6 Graphics Support 116
- 5.6.2 Resolution 118
- 5.6.3 Configuring the Adapter 118
- DISPLAY Variable Description 121
- RS/6000 Servers 123
- SG24-2581-00 124
- 6.1.2 Device Location Codes 125
- 6.2 PCI Adapter Configuration 126
- 6.3 ISA Adapter Configuration 128
- Figure 35. SMIT ISA Menu 131
- 6.4.1 DIP-Switch Setting 132
- 6.4.2 Configuring the Adapter 133
- 6.5.1 DIP-Switch Setting 136
- 6.5.2 Configuring the Adapter 136
- 6.6.2 DIP-Switch Setting 140
- 6.6.3 Configuring the Adapter 141
- Interrupt Level 142
- Bus I/O Address 142
- Bus Memory 142
- 6.7.1 DIP-Switch Setting 145
- 6.7.2 Configuring the Adapter 146
- System User's Guide 153
- Firmware Level 158
- Chapter 7. SCSI Cabling 161
- 7.1.2 SCSI Terminators 162
- 7.1.3 SCSI Device Addresses 162
- 7.1.4 SCSI Bus Width 162
- 8.2 Stand-Alone Diagnostics 172
- 8.3 Online Diagnostics 176
- 8.3.1 Concurrent Mode 176
- 8.3.2 Service Mode 177
- 8.3.3 Maintenance Mode 178
- Machine Object Name 179
- Operation to Perform 179
- Enable Diagnostics Boot 179
- 9.1 NIM Concepts 181
- 9.1.1 NIM Environment 181
- 9.1.2 NIM Objects 182
- 9.1.2.2 Network Objects 183
- 9.1.2.3 Machine Objects 183
- Network Install Route 184
- Gateway1 184
- Gateway2 184
- Network2 184
- 9.2.1 NIM Master Requirements 185
- 9.2.2 Filesystem Creation 185
- 9.2.3 NIM Master Activation 186
- Standalone1 187
- /inst.images 193
- Resource Object 194
- Chapter 10. Troubleshooting 203
- 10.2 Booting Problems 204
- 10.2.1 Booting From CD-ROM 204
- From this shell, you can 205
- 10.3 Installation Problems 206
- 10.3.2 NIM Installation 206
- 10.6.2.1 Power-On Password 208
- Figure 55. Operator Panel 210
- Table 35. LED Functions 210
- List of Abbreviations 219
- (continued) 223
- (continued) 223
- Name Address 225
- Company or Organization 225
- Phone No 225
- BUSINESS REPLY MAIL 226
- Printed in U.S.A 228
- SG24-469- 228
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